All in one communication app. A Generic System Image (GSI) is a pure Android implementation with unmodified Android Open Source Project (AOSP) code, runnable on a variety of Android devices.
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Figure 1. GSI support across devices.
Starting with Android 9 (API level 28), Generic System Images (GSIs) are available to app developers throughout the full Android release cycle. You, as an app developer, can install and run the latest Android GSIs on a variety of existing Android devices, and in different Android OS release stages including Preview and Beta phases, to perform app testing! In this way, your app gets broader test coverage, starting at an much earlier time than before:
- More test coverage on real devices
- More time to fix app compatibility issues
- More opportunities to fix non-compatible issues in Android OS reported by app developers
Note: You would install a later GSI version than the version of Android currently installed on a device.
The GSI project helps improve the Android ecosystem by providing more ways to improve app and OS quality before the next release of the OS. The project is also open-sourced.
GSI includes core system functionalities in all devices running Android 9 and above; in other words, GSI does not include device manufacturers's customizations. You might encounter behavioral differences in the following situations:
- Interactions that involve the UI.
- Workflows that request newer hardware features.
Check device compliance
GSI works only on devices with the following characteristics:
- Bootloader is unlocked.
- Fully Treble-compliant.
- Launched with Android 9 (API level 28) or higher. Devices upgraded to Android 9 from an earlier version may or may not support GSI.
Warning: Attempting to flash GSI to a non-compliant device couldresult in your device becoming non-bootable. Always confirm that your device is compliant before flashing, and follow the installation steps provided by your device's manufacturer. GSI doesn't support rollback. You will need a recovery method and original system ROM to revert to the original system.
To determine whether your device can use GSI and which GSI OS version you should install, do the following:
Check for Treble support by running the following command:
If the response is
falseBlizzard app pc. , the device isn't compatible with GSI and you shouldn't continue. If the response istrue, continue to the next step.Check for cross-version support by running the following command:
Note: Depending on your platform, the configuration file in the preceding command may or may not have a version identifier in it.In the output, look in the section
[vendor]fornamespace.default.isolated. Adobe photoshop 13 0.If the value for that attribute is
true, then the device fully supports Vendor Native Development Kit (VNDK) and can use any GSI operating system (OS) version newer than the on device OS version. Choose the latest GSI OS version available.If the value for the attribute is
false, then the device isn't fully VNDK-compliant, and the device can use only the GSI for the same on-device OS version. For example, an Android 9 (API version 28) device that isn't VNDK-compliant can load only an Android 9 GSI image.The GSI CPU architecture type must match the device's CPU architecture. To find the right CPU architecture for the GSI image, run the following command:
Use the output to determine which GSI image to use when flashing your device. For example, on a Pixel 3, the output would indicate that the CPU architecture is
arm64-v8a, so you would use thearm64type of GSI.
Download GSI images
These versions of GSIs here are not to be used by OEMs to run and submit compliance tests. OEMs should continue to refer to their existing communication channels, such as their Technical Account Managers for compliance test related activities.
There are a few ways to get GSIs, depending on your development needs:
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- For Android 11 Preview GSIs and Android 10 GSIs with GMS, download from the GSI release page.
- For pre-built GSI images without GMS applications, download from the AOSP CI site.
- To build your Android 10 and Android 9 GSI without GMS, download source code from AOSP and build your GSIs.
Install GSI images
Note: If your device has adopted Android Verified Boot (AVB), download and flash the following image to disable AVB before flashing a GSI: vbmeta.img
Installing GSI is device-dependent. Refer to your device's manufacturer for the exact tools and procedures. For Pixel 3 and newer devices, there are several ways to install:
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- For Android 11 Preview GSIs and Android 10 GSIs with GMS, download from the GSI release page.
- For pre-built GSI images without GMS applications, download from the AOSP CI site.
- To build your Android 10 and Android 9 GSI without GMS, download source code from AOSP and build your GSIs.
Install GSI images
Note: If your device has adopted Android Verified Boot (AVB), download and flash the following image to disable AVB before flashing a GSI: vbmeta.img
Installing GSI is device-dependent. Refer to your device's manufacturer for the exact tools and procedures. For Pixel 3 and newer devices, there are several ways to install:
Give us your feedback
GSI images help to validate apps on Android. We appreciate your feedback on the images, the tools, and the process of enabling GSI on your devices.
To notify us of bugs or feature requests, use the dedicated issue tracker component.
Additional resources
